Vehicle Types

Semi Truck Financing: Complete Guide to 18-Wheeler Loans

Everything you need to know about financing a semi truck, from new Peterbilts to used Freightliners. Understand rates, requirements, and find the right lender.

16 min readJanuary 15, 2026

Understanding Semi Truck Financing

Semi trucks, also known as 18-wheelers, tractor-trailers, or Class 8 trucks, are significant investments ranging from $80,000 for used models to over $200,000 for new trucks with premium specifications. Understanding your financing options is essential to making a sound business decision.

What Qualifies as a Semi Truck?

Semi trucks fall under Class 8 vehicle classification:

  • Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR): Over 33,000 lbs
  • Common Configurations: Sleeper cabs, day cabs
  • Popular Manufacturers: Freightliner, Peterbilt, Kenworth, Volvo, International, Mack
  • Primary Use: Long-haul and regional freight transportation

Semi Truck Prices: What to Expect

New Semi Truck Prices (2026)

ManufacturerModelPrice Range
FreightlinerCascadia$150,000 - $180,000
Peterbilt579$160,000 - $200,000
KenworthT680$160,000 - $195,000
VolvoVNL 860$155,000 - $185,000
InternationalLT Series$140,000 - $170,000
MackAnthem$145,000 - $175,000
*Prices vary significantly based on engine, transmission, sleeper size, and specifications.*

Used Semi Truck Prices

AgeMileageTypical Price Range
1-2 yearsUnder 200K$100,000 - $140,000
3-4 years200K - 400K$70,000 - $100,000
5-7 years400K - 600K$45,000 - $75,000
8-10 years600K+$25,000 - $50,000

Semi Truck Financing Options

1. Traditional Commercial Loans

Standard financing with fixed terms:

Features:

  • Loan terms: 48-84 months
  • Fixed or variable rates
  • Own the truck when paid off
  • Build equity with each payment
Best For:
  • Established businesses
  • Buyers planning long-term ownership
  • Those with good credit

2. TRAC Leases

Terminal Rental Adjustment Clause leases are common for semi trucks:

How They Work:

  • Predetermined residual value set at lease start
  • Monthly payments based on depreciation
  • Option to purchase at lease end
  • Adjustment at termination based on actual value vs. residual
Benefits:
  • Potentially lower monthly payments
  • Flexibility at lease end
  • Tax advantages in some situations

3. Manufacturer Financing (Captive Finance)

Major manufacturers have financing arms:

ManufacturerFinance Company
FreightlinerDaimler Truck Financial
PeterbiltPACCAR Financial
KenworthPACCAR Financial
VolvoVolvo Financial Services
MackMack Financial Services
InternationalNavistar Financial
Advantages:
  • Special rates and programs for their brands
  • Dealer incentives may apply
  • Industry expertise
  • Streamlined process

4. Fleet Financing

For purchasing multiple trucks:

  • Volume discounts available
  • Master lease agreements
  • Staggered payment schedules
  • Consolidated billing

Semi Truck Financing Requirements

Credit Requirements

Excellent Credit (720+)

  • Lowest interest rates
  • Minimal down payment (10-15%)
  • Best terms available
  • Widest lender selection
Good Credit (680-719)
  • Competitive rates
  • Standard down payment (15-20%)
  • Most lenders will approve
  • Some negotiating room
Fair Credit (620-679)
  • Higher interest rates
  • Larger down payment (20-25%)
  • May need additional documentation
  • Fewer lender options
Challenged Credit (Below 620)
  • Specialty lenders required
  • Significant down payment (25-40%)
  • Higher rates
  • Additional collateral may help

Documentation Requirements

For Established Businesses:

  • 2-3 years business tax returns
  • Current year profit and loss statement
  • Business bank statements (6-12 months)
  • Equipment list
  • DOT/MC numbers
For New Owner-Operators:
  • Personal tax returns (2-3 years)
  • CDL and driving record
  • Personal bank statements
  • Business plan
  • Contracts or letters of intent

Down Payment Guidelines

Credit ProfileNew TruckUsed Truck
Excellent10-15%15-20%
Good15-20%20-25%
Fair20-25%25-30%
Challenged25-35%30-40%

New vs. Used Semi Truck Financing

Financing a New Semi Truck

Advantages:

  • Warranty coverage
  • Latest technology and fuel efficiency
  • Manufacturer financing incentives
  • Better financing terms available
  • Lower maintenance initially
Disadvantages:
  • Higher purchase price
  • Greater depreciation in first years
  • Higher insurance costs
  • More to lose if business fails
Typical Terms:
  • Rates: 6% - 12% for good credit
  • Terms: 60-84 months
  • Down payment: 10-20%

Financing a Used Semi Truck

Advantages:

  • Lower purchase price
  • Less depreciation hit
  • Lower monthly payments
  • Can buy more truck for less
Disadvantages:
  • No warranty (usually)
  • Unknown history concerns
  • Higher maintenance potential
  • Higher interest rates
  • Shorter loan terms available
Typical Terms:
  • Rates: 8% - 18% for good credit
  • Terms: 36-60 months (depending on age)
  • Down payment: 15-30%

Age and Mileage Limits

Most lenders have restrictions:

Lender TypeAge LimitMileage Limit
Banks5-7 years400,000-500,000
Credit Unions7-10 years500,000-600,000
Finance Companies10-12 years700,000+
Specialty Lenders15+ years1,000,000+

Day Cab vs. Sleeper Financing

Day Cab Semi Trucks

Designed for local and regional routes:

Cost: $10,000-$30,000 less than comparable sleeper Best For: Regional routes, home daily operations Financing Notes: May have slightly better rates due to lower cost

Sleeper Cab Semi Trucks

Designed for over-the-road (OTR) operations:

Cost: Premium for sleeper space and amenities Best For: Long-haul, OTR operations Financing Notes: More common for independent owner-operators

Brand-Specific Financing Considerations

Freightliner Financing

  • Most popular brand in U.S.
  • Daimler Truck Financial offers competitive programs
  • Wide availability of parts and service
  • Strong resale values

Peterbilt and Kenworth Financing

  • Premium pricing but strong residual values
  • PACCAR Financial offers specialized programs
  • Higher resale values can mean better lease terms
  • Popular with owner-operators

Volvo Truck Financing

  • Volvo Financial Services programs available
  • Strong fuel efficiency ratings
  • Growing market share
  • Competitive financing options

International Financing

  • Navistar Financial programs
  • Competitive pricing
  • Wide dealer network
  • Various program options

Current Semi Truck Financing Rates (2026)

New Semi Trucks

Credit ScoreRate Range
750+6.5% - 8.5%
700-7498% - 11%
650-69911% - 15%
600-64915% - 20%
Below 60020%+

Used Semi Trucks

Credit ScoreRate Range
750+8% - 11%
700-74910% - 14%
650-69914% - 18%
600-64918% - 24%
Below 60024%+

Calculating Your Payment

Payment Formula Factors

  • Principal: Truck price minus down payment
  • Interest rate: Based on credit and lender
  • Term: Loan length in months
  • Additional fees: Documentation, origination

Sample Monthly Payments

New Freightliner Cascadia: $160,000

Down Payment60 Months @ 8%72 Months @ 8%84 Months @ 8%
10% ($16,000)$2,919$2,524$2,243
20% ($32,000)$2,595$2,244$1,994
30% ($48,000)$2,271$1,964$1,745
Used Peterbilt 579 (3 years old): $100,000

Down Payment48 Months @ 12%60 Months @ 12%
15% ($15,000)$2,236$1,890
25% ($25,000)$1,972$1,667
35% ($35,000)$1,709$1,445

Tips for Getting the Best Semi Truck Financing

1. Improve Your Position Before Applying

  • Build credit score over time
  • Reduce existing debt
  • Save for larger down payment
  • Gather complete documentation

2. Shop Multiple Lenders

Compare offers from:

  • Banks and credit unions
  • Manufacturer finance companies
  • Independent commercial lenders
  • Dealer financing

3. Consider Total Cost of Ownership

Factor in:

  • Fuel costs and efficiency
  • Insurance expenses
  • Maintenance and repairs
  • Permits and licensing
  • Downtime costs

4. Time Your Purchase

  • Year-end may bring dealer incentives
  • Model year changes can discount previous year
  • Interest rate environment affects terms
  • Manufacturer promotions vary

5. Negotiate Everything

  • Purchase price affects financing amount
  • Rate can sometimes be negotiated
  • Term length flexibility
  • Down payment requirements

How to Finance a Semi Truck: Step-by-Step

Getting financing for your semi truck doesn't have to be complicated. Here's a straightforward process:

Step 1: Assess Your Financial Position

Before approaching lenders, understand where you stand:

  • Check your credit score from all three bureaus
  • Calculate your available down payment (aim for 10-20% minimum)
  • Gather documentation (tax returns, bank statements, CDL)
  • Determine your budget for monthly payments

Step 2: Choose New vs. Used

FactorNew Semi TruckUsed Semi Truck
Price$140,000 - $200,000+$25,000 - $140,000
Down Payment10-20%15-30%
Terms AvailableUp to 84 monthsUp to 60-72 months
RatesLower (6-12%)Higher (8-18%)
Warranty3-5 yearsLimited or none

Step 3: Explore Your Options

  • Traditional lenders (banks, credit unions)
  • Manufacturer financing (Daimler, PACCAR, Volvo Financial)
  • Equipment finance companies
  • Specialty lenders for challenged credit
  • Lease-to-own programs

Step 4: Get Pre-Qualified

Pre-qualification helps you understand what you can afford without impacting your credit. Many lenders offer soft-pull pre-qualifications.

Step 5: Compare Offers

Don't accept the first offer. Compare:

  • Interest rates (APR)
  • Monthly payments
  • Total cost over the loan
  • Down payment requirements
  • Early payoff penalties

Semi Truck Financing with Bad Credit

Having less-than-perfect credit doesn't mean you can't get financed. Here's what you need to know:

Why Semi Truck Financing Is Easier Than Other Loans

Semi truck financing is self-secured—the truck itself serves as collateral. This built-in security makes lenders more willing to work with challenged credit situations compared to unsecured business loans.

Options for Bad Credit Semi Truck Financing

  1. 1.Specialty Lenders - Many lenders focus specifically on subprime borrowers
  2. 2.Larger Down Payment - Offsetting credit risk with more money down
  3. 3.Lease-to-Own Programs - Often have more flexible requirements
  4. 4.Co-Signer - Adding a creditworthy co-signer improves approval odds
  5. 5.Alternative Documentation - Bank statements, contracts, industry experience

What Lenders Look for Beyond Credit Score

  • Driving experience (CDL history, safety record)
  • Down payment amount (25-40% can offset poor credit)
  • Existing contracts or letters of intent
  • Bank statements showing consistent cash flow
  • Time since any bankruptcy or repossession
For a complete guide on challenged credit options, see our [Bad Credit Truck Financing Guide](/blog/bad-credit-truck-financing).

Semi Truck Leasing vs. Buying

Understanding whether to lease or finance your semi truck is crucial:

When Leasing Makes Sense

  • You want lower monthly payments
  • You prefer to upgrade every 3-5 years
  • You want flexibility at the end of the term
  • You need to conserve capital

When Buying Makes Sense

  • You plan to keep the truck long-term (7+ years)
  • You want to build equity
  • You drive high miles annually
  • You want no mileage restrictions

TRAC Leases for Semi Trucks

TRAC (Terminal Rental Adjustment Clause) leases are the most common for Class 8 trucks:

  • Residual value set at lease start
  • Monthly payments based on depreciation plus interest
  • At end: buy at residual, return, or extend
  • Adjustment made if actual value differs from residual
For a detailed comparison, see our [Lease vs. Loan Guide](/blog/truck-lease-vs-loan).

Zero Down Semi Truck Financing

Many people search for zero-down or no-money-down semi truck financing. Here's the reality:

Is Zero Down Possible?

True zero-down financing for semi trucks exists but is rare and requires:

  • Excellent credit (720+)
  • Established business (2+ years)
  • Strong revenue documentation
  • Premium pricing or rates
  • May be limited to certain truck types or programs

Alternatives to Zero Down

If you can't get zero down, consider:

AlternativeHow It Works
Lease-to-ownLower upfront with higher payments
Stepped paymentsLower initial payments that increase
Trade-in equityUse current truck as down payment
Manufacturer programsSpecial promotions may reduce requirements
Third-party down paymentSome programs allow gift funds

Why Some Down Payment Helps

Even if zero-down is available, putting money down:

  • Reduces monthly payments
  • May lower your interest rate
  • Builds immediate equity
  • Shows lender commitment
  • Improves approval odds
For more on financing with minimal upfront costs, see our [Zero Down Truck Financing Guide](/blog/zero-down-semi-truck-financing).

Class 8 Truck Financing Specifics

Class 8 trucks (GVWR over 33,000 lbs) have unique financing considerations:

Class 8 Truck Categories

  • Semi trucks/tractors (sleepers and day cabs)
  • Dump trucks (construction and aggregate)
  • Cement mixers
  • Garbage trucks
  • Heavy-duty tow trucks

Why Class 8 Financing Differs

  • Higher purchase prices ($100,000 - $200,000+)
  • Specialized lenders who understand the industry
  • Longer terms available (up to 84 months for new)
  • Stronger resale values for popular makes
  • Industry-specific programs and requirements

Frequently Asked Questions

What credit score do I need to finance a semi truck? Many specialty lenders work with scores as low as 500-550, though you'll get better terms with 650+. The truck serving as collateral allows lenders to work with challenged credit more easily than other loan types.

How much should I put down on a semi truck? Expect 10-20% with good credit, or 25-40% with challenged credit. More down payment improves your rate and approval odds. See our detailed [down payment section above](#down-payment-guidelines).

Can I get zero down semi truck financing? Zero-down options exist but require excellent credit (720+), established business history, and strong documentation. Most buyers should plan for at least 10-15% down. See our [zero down section](#zero-down-semi-truck-financing) for alternatives.

How long can you finance a semi truck? New semi trucks can typically be financed for 60-84 months. Used trucks usually max out at 48-72 months depending on age and mileage. Longer terms mean lower payments but more total interest paid.

What are current semi truck financing rates? As of 2026, rates range from 6.5-8.5% for excellent credit on new trucks, to 20%+ for challenged credit. Used trucks typically run 2-4% higher. Rates vary significantly by lender, credit score, and down payment.

How do I finance a semi truck with bad credit? Options include specialty subprime lenders, lease-to-own programs, larger down payments, and working with financing specialists who have relationships with multiple lenders. See our complete [Bad Credit Truck Financing Guide](/blog/bad-credit-truck-financing).

Is semi truck leasing good for bad credit? Yes, leasing companies often have more flexible credit requirements than traditional lenders, with some accepting scores as low as 550. Lease-to-own programs can be a path to ownership while building credit.

What documents do I need to finance a semi truck? Typically: driver's license, CDL, 2-3 years tax returns (personal and/or business), 6-12 months bank statements, proof of insurance, and DOT/MC numbers if you have them. New operators may need a business plan and contracts.

Can I finance a semi truck as a first-time owner-operator? Yes. Many lenders work with first-time owner-operators who have CDL experience as company drivers. Expect to provide driving history, any hauling contracts or commitments, and a solid down payment.

What's the difference between financing a Freightliner vs. Peterbilt? Both can be financed through manufacturer programs (Daimler Truck Financial for Freightliner, PACCAR Financial for Peterbilt/Kenworth) or independent lenders. Peterbilt and Kenworth typically have stronger resale values, which can affect lease residuals.

How much are monthly payments on a semi truck? Payments vary widely based on price, down payment, rate, and term. Example: A $160,000 truck with 20% down at 8% for 72 months = approximately $2,244/month. Use our [payment examples above](#sample-monthly-payments) to estimate.

Can I refinance my semi truck later? Yes. Many owners refinance after 12-24 months of on-time payments, especially if their credit score has improved. Refinancing can lower your rate and monthly payment.

Related Resources

  • [Bad Credit Truck Financing Guide](/blog/bad-credit-truck-financing) - Options for challenged credit
  • [No Credit Check Semi Truck Financing](/blog/no-credit-check-semi-truck-financing) - Understanding your real options
  • [Truck Lease vs. Loan](/blog/truck-lease-vs-loan) - Compare financing structures
  • [Box Truck Financing](/blog/box-truck-financing) - For medium-duty vehicles
  • [Zero Down Semi Truck Financing](/blog/zero-down-semi-truck-financing) - Low down payment options

Getting Started

Understanding your semi truck financing options is the first step. Consider your credit profile, down payment capability, and business plans when evaluating which path is right for you. When you're ready, connecting with lenders who specialize in commercial truck financing can help you find terms that fit your needs.

Ready to Explore Your Options?

Connect with lenders who specialize in commercial vehicle financing and find the right solution for your business.

Connect with a Lender